Definition of Symbol: A symbol, in its basic sense, is a representational token for a concept or quantity; i.e. an idea, object, concept, quality, etc. In more psychological and philosophical terms, all concepts are symbolic in nature and representations for these concepts are simply token artifacts that are allegorical to (but do not directly codify) a symbolic meaning. Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbol

Symbol: Something that on the surface is its literal self but which also has another meaning or even several meanings. A symbol may be said to embody an idea. There are two types of symbols: symbols that embody universally recognizable meanings and constructed symbols that are given symbolic meaning by the way an author uses them in a literary work.
http://www.virtualsalt.com/litterms.htm

Camus-
In The stranger, the courtroom symbolizes society as they judge Meursault’s action, condemning him to death. Almost all of the characters mentioned in the previous chapter appear in the courtroom, including the “robot woman” who was not related to Meursault in any form of relationship. Meursault’s action is not accepted in society, thus he was isolated, and treated as a “stranger”.

Marquez –

In Chronicle of a death foretold, flowers are used to symbolize women and purity. Flowers appear in various forms: real flowers, artificial flowers, and in names. Angela Vicario is often seen making artificial flowers. Because those flowers are unreal, they are a false representation of purity, a disguise used to display a false truth. Angela makes these flowers, in hope to redeem herself from her “deflowered” mishap; creating these artificial flowers to feel the sense of purity and to hide the truth from the public. Flowers are closely related to women’s virginity, for young women are described as buds, and mature women described as a preserved rose. However, when a woman loses her virginity she is referred as “deflowered”, no longer delicate.
Evidence: “Nipping the bud of any wayward virgin” (104).
“Flora Miguel, who wasn’t that young anymore, was preserved like a rose,” (130)